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the wave sheaf offering...
WORKING MAN NEWS
hidden in plain sight!
the truth about the Sunday resurrection & the Christian sabbath!
why Saturday worship is obsolete!
Mary knew the EXACT time Jesus was to be resurrected!
...even the Pharisees knew!
All the gospels place Mary at the tomb of Jesus at SUNRISE! (matt. 28:1. mark 16:2, luke 24:1, john 20:1) WHY?
Matt 12:38-40 Then some of the scribes and Pharisees answered, saying, "Teacher, we wish to see a sign from you."
But He, answering, said to them, "An evil and adulterous generation seeks a sign, and no sign shall be given to it
except the sign of the prophet Jonah. For just as Jonah was in the belly of the great whale for three days and three
nights, so will the Son of Man be in the heart of the earth for three days and three nights."
Did Mary hear this statement from Christ? YES! Matt 12:46, "while he yet spoke to the people, His MOTHER and His
BRETHREN stood without, desiring to speak with Him." There she was, waiting patiently while Jesus was preaching.
She and his brothers were waiting their turn to speak with Him. Of course she heard the "SIGN!"
Also, If Jesus was supposed to arise exactly 72 hours after his burial, MARY WOULD HAVE BEEN THERE! WHY?
BECAUSE SHE WAS THERE AT THE BURIAL!
Matt 27:61 "And there was Mary Magdalene, and the other Mary, sitting over against the sepulchre." (KJV)
Mk 15:47
47And Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses beheld where he was laid.
Mary knew the exact time of Jesus' burial! Do you believe that Mary would have sat at home for 12 hours until sunrise
knowing that her son was expected to rise from the dead the night BEFORE?
The cults can't explain why Mary sat at home if she knew that Jesus was supposed to arise at sunset on Saturday. They
divert attention away from the fact that if the sign of Jesus was 72 hours exactly in the tomb, then Mary and all of the
Disciples would have known the exact hour of His resurrection and would have been there.
The truth is, they did know. They knew He was the wave sheaf offering, that is why they got there at sunrise on Sunday,
not sunset on Saturday. The disciples such as Peter would have been reticent to arrive, but Mary had nothing to fear!
She most definitely would have been there. In fact the scriptures describe her preparations to go there.
Mary bought herbs and salve to anoint the body AFTER the Sabbath day (Mk 16:1), but they didn't go to the tomb until
SUNRISE the next day! Why not? The scripture plainly states that Mary had spices prepared that they had bought. If
Christ were scheduled to arise on Saturday night or afternoon, why didn't Mary rush to the tomb as soon as the sun
set?
Were every single one of Christ's disciples stupid? Had they not heard Christ with His own mouth declare that the
SIGN that He was the Messiah was the upcoming three days and three nights in the tomb, to fulfill Jonah's sign? It
stretches believability to suggest that thousands of disciples who knew He had made that declaration didn't make an
effort to COUNT 72 hours! Of course they knew. That is why Mary and others went to the tomb at SUNRISE not
SUNSET!
Even the Pharisees knew! In fact they were so concerned that they went to Pilate and demanded that he put a guard
around the tomb. Matt 27:62-64 :"62 Now the next day, that followed the day of the preparation, the chief priests and
Pharisees came together unto Pilate, :63 Saying, "Sir, we remember that that deceiver said, while he was yet alive,
'After three days I will rise again.' :64 Command therefore that the sepulchre be made sure until the third day,
lest his disciples come by night, and steal him away, and say unto the people, He is risen from the dead: so the last
error shall be worse than the first." : 65 Pilate said unto them, "Ye have a watch: go your way, make it as sure as ye
can." :66 So they went, and made the sepulchre sure, sealing the stone, and setting a watch.
Do you see the time line? The Pharisees went to Pilate on the SABBATH! How do we know it was a SABBATH? because it
was the day that FOLLOWED the day of preparation. Mk 15:42-47:42 And now when the even was come,
because it was the preparation, that is, the day before the sabbath,
43Joseph of Arimathaea, an honourable counsellor, which also waited for the kingdom of God, came, and went in boldly
unto Pilate, and craved the body of Jesus.
44And Pilate marvelled if he were already dead: and calling unto him the centurion, he asked him whether he had been
any while dead.
45And when he knew it of the centurion, he gave the body to Joseph.
46And he bought fine linen, and took him down, and wrapped him in the linen, and laid him in a sepulchre which was
hewn out of a rock, and rolled a stone unto the door of the sepulchre.
47And Mary Magdalene and Mary the mother of Joses beheld where he was laid.
So, the Pharisees broke their own Sabbath rules by going to Pilate on the Sabbath and demanding that a guard be
placed on the tomb of Jesus. But, that isn't the issue, the day is the issue. The cults believe that the day in question
after this preparation was the FIRST DAY OF UNLEAVENED BREAD, not the weekly Sabbath. If so this would mean that
this day was FRIDAY!
If this is true then that would make the day before the day of preparation. The problem is that the day before was the
PASSOVER! While the Passover isn't a Holy day, there is a major SACRIFICE that takes place on the PASSOVER:
Numbers 9
The Passover
1 The LORD spoke to Moses in the Desert of Sinai in the first month of the second year after they came out of
Egypt. He said, 2 "Have the Israelites celebrate the Passover at the appointed time. 3 Celebrate it at the
appointed time, at twilight on the fourteenth day of this month, in accordance with all its rules and regulations."
<< Leviticus 23 >>
King James Bible
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 And the LORD spake unto Moses, saying, 2 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, Concerning the feasts of
the LORD, which ye shall proclaim to be holy convocations, even these are my feasts.
3 Six days shall work be done: but the seventh day is the sabbath of rest, an holy convocation; ye shall do no work therein:
it is the sabbath of the LORD in all your dwellings.
4 These are the feasts of the LORD, even holy convocations, which ye shall proclaim in their seasons. 5 In the
fourteenth day of the first month at even is the LORD's passover. 6 And on the fifteenth day of the same month
is the feast of unleavened bread unto the LORD: seven days ye must eat unleavened bread. 7 In the first day ye
shall have an holy convocation: ye shall do no servile work therein. 8 But ye shall offer an offering made by fire
unto the LORD seven days: in the seventh day is an holy convocation: ye shall do no servile work therein.
Deuteronomy 16 >>
King James Bible
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 Observe the month of Abib, and keep the passover unto the LORD thy God: for in the month of Abib the
LORD thy God brought thee forth out of Egypt by night. 2 Thou shalt therefore sacrifice the passover unto the
LORD thy God, of the flock and the herd, in the place which the LORD shall choose to place his name there. 3
Thou shalt eat no leavened bread with it; seven days shalt thou eat unleavened bread therewith, even the
bread of affliction; for thou camest forth out of the land of Egypt in haste: that thou mayest remember the day
when thou camest forth out of the land of Egypt all the days of thy life. 4 And there shall be no leavened bread
seen with thee in all thy coast seven days; neither shall there any thing of the flesh, which thou sacrificedst
the first day at even, remain all night until the morning. 5 Thou mayest not sacrifice the passover
within any of thy gates, which the LORD thy God giveth thee: 6 But at the place which the LORD thy God
shall choose to place his name in, there thou shalt sacrifice the passover at even, at the going down of the sun,
at the season that thou camest forth out of Egypt. 7 And thou shalt roast and eat it in the place which the LORD
thy God shall choose: and thou shalt turn in the morning, and go unto thy tents. 8 Six days thou shalt eat
unleavened bread: and on the seventh day shall be a solemn assembly to the LORD thy God: thou shalt do no
work therein.
Now, the time line is this according to the cults:
Christ was crucified on Wednesday afternoon.
He died at the EVEN, because He was the PASSOVER LAMB!
He was buried EXACTLY at sundown on Wednesday NIGHT or THURSDAY because the new day began at sunset.
Mary bought spices on THURSDAY to anoint Jesus' body! Thursday was the day of PREPARATION.
The Pharisees went to Pilate on FRIDAY, the day AFTER the preparation, a SABBATH, in violation of the clear Sabbath
rules above, on the FIRST DAY OF UNLEAVENED BREAD, to demand a guard be placed at the tomb. IT WAS!
JESUS AROSE ON SATURDAY EVENING!
Mary went to the tomb on Sunday morning to use the spices she had bought on Thursday and discovered Christ
already risen the night BEFORE!
The above scenario is how the cults want you to believe the death and resurrection Jesus Christ happened. If it were
that simple I would say OK! In fact I did say OK for some time, until I started asking questions, which is a one way ticket
OUT OF A CULT!
EVERYONE KNEW WHEN CHRIST WAS GOING TO BE RESURRECTED! I have documented above how everyone including
the Pharisees knew the stated time of Jesus' resurrection. He clearly said that He would arise after three days and
three nights in the grave, just as "JONAH WAS IN THE BELLY OF THE FISH,"so the issue presented is,
WHY WASN'T ANYONE THERE TO WITNESS IT?
Again I ask, if your son or husband or father were dead and you knew the EXACT time of his resurrection, would you be
there? OF COURSE YOU WOULD BE! In fact, Mary WAS THERE! AND OTHERS TOO! Let us look closely at the scripture
and see if there is MORE INFORMATION about who was at the tomb at Jesus' resurrection. YOU MAY BE
SURPRISED!
Matthew 28 (King James Version)
Matthew 28
1In the end of the sabbath, as it began to dawn toward the first day of the week, came Mary Magdalene and the other
Mary to see the sepulchre.
2And, behold, there was a great earthquake: for the angel of the Lord descended from heaven, and came and rolled
back the stone from the door, and sat upon it.
3His countenance was like lightning, and his raiment white as snow:
4And for fear of him the keepers did shake, and became as dead men.
Matthew 28:1 reveals in no uncertain terms that the two Marys came to the tomb at SUNRISE on SUNDAY the FIRST DAY
OF THE WEEK! The verse also tells us WHY they came, "TO SEE THE SEPULCHRE!" They were there at the time and
place of Jesus' SIGN to see if He would ARISE! And if He did, they had spices to anoint Him! THEY DIDN'T GO
THERE TO ANOINT A DEAD BODY! That had already been done when Joseph of Arimathaea had buried Him:
38And after this Joseph of Arimathaea, being a disciple of Jesus, but secretly for fear of the
Jews, besought Pilate that he might take away the body of Jesus: and Pilate gave him leave. He
came therefore, and took the body of Jesus.
39And there came also Nicodemus, which at the first came to Jesus by night, and brought a
mixture of myrrh and aloes, about an hundred pound weight.
40Then took they the body of Jesus, and wound it in linen clothes with the spices, as the manner
of the Jews is to bury.
DID YOU SEE IT? DID YOU GRASP IT? Hidden in plain sight THE TRUTH! FOR THOUSANDS OF YEARS CHRISTIANS HAVE
THOUGHT THAT MARY WAS THERE TO ANOINT A DEAD BODY! NO! SHE WAS THERE TO RECEIVE BACK TO
LIFE JESUS CHRIST AND ANOINT HIS RESURRECTED BODY!
WANT PROOF? Here it is, JEWS WERE FORBIDDEN TO TOUCH A DEAD BODY!
11He that toucheth the dead body of any man shall be unclean seven days.
12He shall purify himself with it on the third day, and on the seventh day he shall be
clean: but if he purify not himself the third day, then the seventh day he shall not be
clean.
13Whosoever toucheth the dead body of any man that is dead, and purifieth not
himself, defileth the tabernacle of the LORD; and that soul shall be cut off from Israel:
because the water of separation was not sprinkled upon him, he shall be unclean; his
uncleanness is yet upon him.
There it is! Crystal Clear and plain. Mary did not go there to anoint a dead man, SHE COULD NOT, Mary was there
to anoint the RISEN CHRIST! MARY KNEW THE EXACT TIME AND PLACE HER SON WAS GOING TO BE
RESURRECTED. She was there to be the first to anoint and clean the resurrected body of Jesus Christ!
Mary was not alone! Luke 24:1 Luke 24 (King James Version)
Luke 24
1Now upon the first day of the week, very early in the morning, they came unto the sepulchre, bringing the spices
which they had prepared, and certain others with them.
But wait, there's more, Luke 24:10 :10 "It was Mary Magdalene and Joanna, and Mary the mother of
James, and other women that were with them, which told these things unto the apostles."
Here is even more evidence: Luke 24:22 "Yea, and certain women also of our company made us astonished,
which were early at the sepulchre;
Do you see it now! JESUS' FOLLOWERS KNEW WHEN HE WAS TO BE RESURRECTED! THEY WERE
THERE AT THE EXACT TIME HE TOLD THEM! There isn't any other record of ANYONE going to the tomb
BEFORE SUNRISE ON SUNDAY!
There it is! Proof positive that the disciples of Jesus knew the EXACT time and date of His resurrection! Why were
they there? To look at a DEAD man? NO! They were there to anoint the RISEN CHRIST! They went there at sunrise
because Jesus Himself HAD told them EXACTLY when He would rise from the DEAD!
There is even more proof that Christ arose at exactly SUNRISE on Sunday. Matt 28:2 "And, behold, there was a great
earthquake: for the angel of the Lord descended from heaven, and came and rolled back the stone from the door,
and sat upon it.
3 His countenance was like lightning, and his raiment white as snow:
4 And for fear of him the keepers did shake, and became as dead men."
At the precise time that Jesus had declared days earlier, God almighty caused a GREAT earthquake. An Angel of God
rolled away the unmovable stone that had been placed to seal the tomb so no man could steal Christ's body.
The appearance of the Angel was so frightening that the "KEEPERS," shook with fear and fell down as if they were
DEAD! Think of that! Big strong, Roman guards, who had just days earlier mocked and beat the helpless and
defenseless Jesus, now literally shaking uncontrollably at the sight of one of God's Holy Angeles!
The Angel himself VERIFIES that the women were there LOOKING FOR A LIVE JESUS! read for yourselves what the
Angel says to the women:
Matt 24:5 And the angel answered and said unto the women, "Fear not ye: for I know that ye seek Jesus, which
was crucified.
6 He is not here: for he is risen, as he said!"
THERE IT IS! IN PLAIN LANGUAGE! THE ANGEL VERIFIED EXACTLY WHAT JESUS HAD
PROPHESIED! AT THE EXACT TIME AND DATE THAT JESUS SAID, AN ANGEL OF GOD
APPEARED, IN FRONT OF JESUS' DISCIPLES, ROLLED AWAY THE STONE AND JESUS AROSE
FROM THE DEAD!
100% PROOF POSITIVE! THAT IS WHY THE WOMEN WERE THERE AT SUNRISE NOT SUNSET THE DAY BEFORE!
THEY WENT THERE BECAUSE THEY HAD FOLLOWED THE SIGN THAT JESUS HIMSELF HAD
GIVEN THEM! THERE WERE MANY THAT HAD FOLLOWED THE SIGN AND THEY SAW THE
RESURRECTION OF JESUS CHRIST!
Not only did Jesus give the sign to His disciples, knowing that they would indeed follow it, but He rewarded their
diligence by causing a great earthquake, and allowing them to see the Holy Angel ROLL AWAY THE STONE that had
sealed the tomb. Jesus allowed His faithful followers to WITNESS THE MOST SPECTACULAR EVENT IN
THE HISTORY OF THE UNIVERSE!
Then the Angel told the followers to "quickly," go tell the disciples that Jesus has arisen! Can you imagine the fear, joy
and shock those dedicated followers of Christ must have felt. Without hesitating they ran to the Disciples and
proclaimed He was risen from the dead, but Jesus has another surprise for them.
Matt 28: On their way, Jesus Himself appeared to the followers!
9 And as they went to tell his disciples, behold, Jesus met them, saying, All hail. And they came and held him by the
feet, and worshipped him.
10 Then said Jesus unto them, Be not afraid: go tell my brethren that they go into Galilee, and
there shall they see me.
Now, some cults try and twist this glorious story and compare Matthew's version to John's where he describes Mary
Magdalene arriving at the tomb and Jesus telling her not to touch Him because he had not ascended as the wave
sheaf offering. The cults attempt to present a contradiction however Remember Matthew's account says that Jesus
then appeared to His disciples:
9 And as they went to tell his disciples, behold, Jesus met them, saying, All hail. And they came
and held him by the feet, and worshipped him.
10 Then said Jesus unto them, Be not afraid: go tell my brethren that they go into Galilee, and
there shall they see me.
John's account says: John 20
1The first day of the week cometh Mary Magdalene early, when it was yet dark, unto the sepulchre, and seeth the stone
taken away from the sepulchre.
2Then she runneth, and cometh to Simon Peter, and to the other disciple, whom Jesus loved, and saith unto them,
They have taken away the LORD out of the sepulchre, and we know not where they have laid him.
3Peter therefore went forth, and that other disciple, and came to the sepulchre.
4So they ran both together: and the other disciple did outrun Peter, and came first to the sepulchre.
5And he stooping down, and looking in, saw the linen clothes lying; yet went he not in.
6Then cometh Simon Peter following him, and went into the sepulchre, and seeth the linen clothes lie,
7And the napkin, that was about his head, not lying with the linen clothes, but wrapped together in a place by itself.
8Then went in also that other disciple, which came first to the sepulchre, and he saw, and believed.
9For as yet they knew not the scripture, that he must rise again from the dead.
10Then the disciples went away again unto their own home.
11But Mary stood without at the sepulchre weeping: and as she wept, she stooped down, and looked into the
sepulchre,
12And seeth two angels in white sitting, the one at the head, and the other at the feet, where the body of Jesus had
lain.
13And they say unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? She saith unto them, Because they have taken away my LORD,
and I know not where they have laid him.
14And when she had thus said, she turned herself back, and saw Jesus standing, and knew not that it was Jesus.
15Jesus saith unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? whom seekest thou? She, supposing him to be the gardener, saith
unto him, Sir, if thou have borne him hence, tell me where thou hast laid him, and I will take him away.
16Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She turned
16Jesus saith unto her, Mary. She turned herself, and saith unto him, Rabboni; which is to say, Master.
17Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto
them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God.
There is no contradiction here! John clearly states that Mary Magdalene "SEETH THE STONE TAKEN AWAY
FROM THE SEPULCHRE!" John tells us that Mary Magdalene indeed saw the events that Matthew described.
John even told us Mary was confused and said they "have taken the Lord out of the sepulchre and we
know not where they have taken him!"
The answer is obvious! Mary didn't quite believe what the Angel had told her! In her fear and shock at having
experienced the earthquake and then seeing the stone rolled away and looking at an empty tomb, she panicked and
ran to the disciples. She probably did not want to appear crazy, so she told the disciples that the Lord had been taken
away. Later when they ran together to the tomb and Christ wasn't there, Mary began to doubt.
Remember, John stated, AFTER THE DISCIPLES LEFT AND WENT HOME, Mary then "stooped and looked again
into the tomb!"
John 20:11 But Mary stood without at the sepulchre weeping: and as she wept, she stooped down, and looked into the
sepulchre,
12And seeth two angels in white sitting, the one at the head, and the other at the feet, where the body of Jesus had
lain.
13And they say unto her, Woman, why weepest thou? She saith unto them, Because they have taken away my LORD,
and I know not where they have laid him.
The scene is clear. Mary Magdalene DIDN'T BELIEVE! She was afraid. To help her, after the disciples had left and when
she stooped down and looked inside the tomb, this time she saw TWO ANGELS! They looked at her and asked her,
"WHY WEEPEST THOU?" Mary confessed, "they have "TAKEN" my Lord. See, Mary refused to believe that Jesus had
actually arisen. Not even the angels could convince her.
Mary didn't have long to wait however, because as she confessed to the angeles she turned away and actually saw
Jesus standing there. Jesus Himself said, "Woman, why weepest thou? whom seekest thou?" Mary said directly to
Jesus, that they had taken away her Lord and Mary pleaded with this man whom she thought to be a gardener, "tell me
where he is and I will go take him!"
This is a heartbreaking tale. Mary Magdalene, whom Jesus loved and whom loved Jesus was lost and confused. Yes,
she saw the angels and she experienced the earthquake, but she couldn't yet believe! She was scared, shocked and in
mourning. Nothing could cut through the hysteria that Mary Magdalene was feeling.
Jesus didn't allow her to suffer. He spoke directly to her and called her by name. "MARY!" Mary stopped! She knew
that voice! She turned toward Him. "MARY!" Jesus spoke her name a second time! mary recognized
him at last! "RABBONI," SHE CALLED!
Mary tried to hug Him but Christ stopped her, "
17 Jesus saith unto her, Touch me not; for I am not yet ascended to my Father: but go to my brethren, and say unto
them, I ascend unto my Father, and your Father; and to my God, and your God.
It is at this point probably about three hours from the resurrection that as the Priests were waving the first sheaf of
wheat along with the meat offering to God, that Jesus ascended to His Father in heaven, fulfilling the wave sheaf
offering that Jesus then re-appeared to the other disciples and they then fell and grabbed His feet.
There is no contradiction between John and Matthew. All we have are two time lines of different people. One, the time
line of how Mary Magdalene came to fully realize Jesus was resurrected and the other how Jesus appeared to the
other followers who had already believed.
Jesus Christ was the fulfillment of the "wave sheaf," offering (lev 23:10). That offering was always conducted on the
Sunday after the first sabbath following the passover. Christ arose on the 8th day. There is no doubt about it. Either
after sunset or at sunrise, take your pick, but the events taken from the bible confirm it and The wave sheaf proves it
conclusively.
The wave sheaf offering was the ultimate in offerings because it represented the "first fruits," of the harvest and a
male lamb without blemish. In plain language, the grain represented humanity and the male lamb was Christ. It literally
meant that Christ was the first of humanity be resurrected from the dead and presented to God.
This fulfillment is the death knell to the Christian cults who try and convince us that Christ arose on Saturday just
before sunset or right at sunset.
Christ could not have arisen on Saturday and have fulfilled the 72 hour requirement or the first fruits requirements of
the wave sheaf. Why not? Because the law of moses clearly required that the wave sheaf offering be conducted on the
first day of the week following the sabbath of the passover.
This fulfillment is the death knell to the Christian cults who try and convince us that Christ arose on Saturday just
before sundown or right at sundown.
Christ could not have arisen on the seventh day and have fulfilled the first fruits requirements of the wave sheaf. Why
not? Because the law of moses clearly required that the wave sheaf offering be conducted on the first day of the week
following the first sabbath of the passover. lev 23:10.
The cults demand a literal 72 hour period that Christ stayed in the tomb. It is that 72 hour period that sinks their
argument that Christ arose on the seventh day. He could not have and fulfilled their own 72 hour requirement. Why
not? Because for Christ to have stayed a literal three days and three nights in the tomb, meant that He would have
been resurrected on the eighth day! It would validate the early Christian practice of observing the eighth day or the
first day as the Christian sabbath.
Please count the very days for yourself and realize that the cult's insistence that Christ spent a literal three days and
three nights in the tomb, is the very proof that Christ arose on the eighth day, or Sunday. It doesn't matter if he arose
on the evening of the eighth day or the DAWN OF THE EIGHTH DAY, THE FACT IS THAT CHRIST AROSE ON THE EIGHTH
DAY!
nights days
wednesday thursday
thursday friday
friday saturday
As you can clearly see, if Christ had been placed in the tomb at exactly sunset on Wednesday, as the cults argue, then
to spend a literal three days and three nights in the tomb, He would have to be resurrected at sunset on Saturday. THE
EIGHTH DAY! In fact, the VERY INSTANT he was resurrected it would a NEW DAY or he would have spent four days in the
tomb.
Jewish law required that days begin at SUNSET! Gen 5:1, "the evening and the morning were the first day." Therefore,
had Christ been laid in the tomb BEFORE sunset on Wednesday or at sunset on Wednesday, he would not have spent
72 hours buried. Sunset BEGINS a new day. Had Christ been resurrected earlier than sunset on Saturday, he would
have violated the cult's 72 hour requirement.
Sabbath or Sunday? http://www.catholic.com/library/Sabbath_or_Sunday.asp
Some religious organizations (Seventh-Day Adventists, Seventh-Day Baptists, and certain others) claim that Christians must
not worship on Sunday but on Saturday, the Jewish Sabbath. They claim that, at some unnamed time after the apostolic
age, the Church "changed" the day of worship from Saturday to Sunday.
However, passages of Scripture such as Acts 20:7, 1 Corinthians 16:2, Colossians 2:16-17, and Revelation 1:10 indicate that,
even during New Testament times, the Sabbath is no longer binding and that Christians are to worship on the Lord’s day,
Sunday, instead.
The early Church Fathers compared the observance of the Sabbath to the observance of the rite of circumcision, and from
that they demonstrated that if the apostles abolished circumcision (Gal. 5:1-6), so also the observance of the Sabbath must
have been abolished. The following quotations show that the first Christians understood this principle and gathered for
worship on Sunday.
The Didache
"But every Lord’s day . . . gather yourselves together and break bread, and give thanksgiving after having confessed your
transgressions, that your sacrifice may be pure. But let no one that is at variance with his fellow come together with you,
until they be reconciled, that your sacrifice may not be profaned" (Didache 14 [A.D. 70]).
The Letter of Barnabas
"We keep the eighth day [Sunday] with joyfulness, the day also on which Jesus rose again from the dead" (Letter of
Barnabas 15:6–8 [A.D. 74]).
Ignatius of Antioch
"[T]hose who were brought up in the ancient order of things [i.e. Jews] have come to the possession of a new hope, no
longer observing the Sabbath, but living in the observance of the Lord’s day, on which also our life has sprung up again by
him and by his death" (Letter to the Magnesians 8 [A.D. 110]).
Justin Martyr
"[W]e too would observe the fleshly circumcision, and the Sabbaths, and in short all the feasts, if we did not know for what
reason they were enjoined [on] you—namely, on account of your transgressions and the hardness of your heart. . . . [H]ow is
it, Trypho, that we would not observe those rites which do not harm us—I speak of fleshly circumcision and Sabbaths and
feasts? . . . God enjoined you to keep the Sabbath, and imposed on you other precepts for a sign, as I have already said, on
account of your unrighteousness and that of your fathers . . ." (Dialogue with Trypho the Jew 18, 21 [A.D. 155]).
"But Sunday is the day on which we all hold our common assembly, because it is the first day on which God, having
wrought a change in the darkness and matter, made the world; and Jesus Christ our Savior on the same day rose from the
dead" (First Apology 67 [A.D. 155]).
Tertullian
"[L]et him who contends that the Sabbath is still to be observed as a balm of salvation, and circumcision on the eighth day .
. . teach us that, for the time past, righteous men kept the Sabbath or practiced circumcision, and were thus rendered
‘friends of God.’ For if circumcision purges a man, since God made Adam uncircumcised, why did he not circumcise him,
even after his sinning, if circumcision purges? . . . Therefore, since God originated Adam uncircumcised and unobservant
of the Sabbath, consequently his offspring also, Abel, offering him sacrifices, uncircumcised and unobservant of the
Sabbath, was by him [God] commended [Gen. 4:1–7, Heb. 11:4]. . . . Noah also, uncircumcised—yes, and unobservant of the
Sabbath—God freed from the deluge. For Enoch too, most righteous man, uncircumcised and unobservant of the Sabbath,
he translated from this world, who did not first taste death in order that, being a candidate for eternal life, he might show us
that we also may, without the burden of the law of Moses, please God" (An Answer to the Jews 2 [A.D. 203]).
The Didascalia
"The apostles further appointed: On the first day of the week let there be service, and the reading of the holy scriptures,
and the oblation [sacrifice of the Mass], because on the first day of the week [i.e., Sunday] our Lord rose from the place of
the dead, and on the first day of the week he arose upon the world, and on the first day of the week he ascended up to
heaven, and on the first day of the week he will appear at last with the angels of heaven" (Didascalia 2 [A.D. 225]).
Origen
"Hence it is not possible that the [day of] rest after the Sabbath should have come into existence from the seventh [day] of
our God. On the contrary, it is our Savior who, after the pattern of his own rest, caused us to be made in the likeness of his
death, and hence also of his resurrection" (Commentary on John 2:28 [A.D. 229]).
Victorinus
"The sixth day [Friday] is called parasceve, that is to say, the preparation of the kingdom. . . . On this day also, on account of
the passion of the Lord Jesus Christ, we make either a station to God or a fast. On the seventh day he rested from all his
works, and blessed it, and sanctified it. On the former day we are accustomed to fast rigorously, that on the Lord’s day we
may go forth to our bread with giving of thanks. And let the parasceve become a rigorous fast, lest we should appear to
observe any Sabbath with the Jews . . . which Sabbath he [Christ] in his body abolished" (The Creation of the World [A.D.
300]).
Eusebius of Caesarea
"They [the early saints of the Old Testament] did not care about circumcision of the body, neither do we [Christians]. They
did not care about observing Sabbaths, nor do we. They did not avoid certain kinds of food, neither did they regard the
other distinctions which Moses first delivered to their posterity to be observed as symbols; nor do Christians of the present
day do such things" (Church History 1:4:8 [A.D. 312]).
"[T]he day of his [Christ’s] light . . . was the day of his resurrection from the dead, which they say, as being the one and only
truly holy day and the Lord’s day, is better than any number of days as we ordinarily understand them, and better than the
days set apart by the Mosaic law for feasts, new moons, and Sabbaths, which the apostle [Paul] teaches are the shadow of
days and not days in reality" (Proof of the Gospel 4:16:186 [A.D. 319]).
Athanasius
"The Sabbath was the end of the first creation, the Lord’s day was the beginning of the second, in which he renewed and
restored the old in the same way as he prescribed that they should formerly observe the Sabbath as a memorial of the end
of the first things, so we honor the Lord’s day as being the memorial of the new creation" (On Sabbath and Circumcision 3
[A.D. 345]).
Cyril of Jerusalem
"Fall not away either into the sect of the Samaritans or into Judaism, for Jesus Christ has henceforth ransomed you. Stand
aloof from all observance of Sabbaths and from calling any indifferent meats common or unclean" (Catechetical Lectures 4:
37 [A.D. 350]).
Council of Laodicea
"Christians should not Judaize and should not be idle on the Sabbath, but should work on that day; they should, however,
particularly reverence the Lord’s day and, if possible, not work on it, because they were Christians" (Canon 29 [A.D. 360]).
John Chrysostom
"[W]hen he [God] said, ‘You shall not kill’ . . . he did not add, ‘because murder is a wicked thing.’ The reason was that
conscience had taught this beforehand, and he speaks thus, as to those who know and understand the point. Wherefore
when he speaks to us of another commandment, not known to us by the dictate of conscience, he not only prohibits, but
adds the reason. When, for instance, he gave commandment concerning the Sabbath— ‘On the seventh day you shall do no
work’—he subjoined also the reason for this cessation. What was this? ‘Because on the seventh day God rested from all his
works which he had begun to make’ [Ex. 20:10-11]. . . . For what purpose then, I ask, did he add a reason respecting the
Sabbath, but did no such thing in regard to murder? Because this commandment was not one of the leading ones. It was
not one of those which were accurately defined of our conscience, but a kind of partial and temporary one, and for this
reason it was abolished afterward. But those which are necessary and uphold our life are the following: ‘You shall not kill. . .
. You shall not commit adultery. . . . You shall not steal.’ On this account he adds no reason in this case, nor enters into any
instruction on the matter, but is content with the bare prohibition" (Homilies on the Statutes 12:9 [A.D. 387]).
"You have put on Christ, you have become a member of the Lord and been enrolled in the heavenly city, and you still grovel
in the law [of Moses]? How is it possible for you to obtain the kingdom? Listen to Paul’s words, that the observance of the
law overthrows the gospel, and learn, if you will, how this comes to pass, and tremble, and shun this pitfall. Why do you
keep the Sabbath and fast with the Jews?" (Homilies on Galatians 2:17 [A.D. 395]).
"The rite of circumcision was venerable in the Jews’ account, forasmuch as the law itself gave way thereto, and the
Sabbath was less esteemed than circumcision. For that circumcision might be performed, the Sabbath was broken; but that
the Sabbath might be kept, circumcision was never broken; and mark, I pray, the dispensation of God. This is found to be
even more solemn than the Sabbath, as not being omitted at certain times. When then it is done away, much more is the
Sabbath" (Homilies on Philippians 10 [A.D. 402]).
The Apostolic Constitutions
"And on the day of our Lord’s resurrection, which is the Lord’s day, meet more diligently, sending praise to God that made
the universe by Jesus, and sent him to us, and condescended to let him suffer, and raised him from the dead. Otherwise
what apology will he make to God who does not assemble on that day . . . in which is performed the reading of the prophets,
the preaching of the gospel, the oblation of the sacrifice, the gift of the holy food" (Apostolic Constitutions 2:7:60 [A.D. 400]).
Augustine
"Well, now, I should like to be told what there is in these ten commandments, except the observance of the Sabbath, which
ought not to be kept by a Christian. . . . Which of these commandments would anyone say that the Christian ought not to
keep? It is possible to contend that it is not the law which was written on those two tables that the apostle [Paul] describes
as ‘the letter that kills’ [2 Cor. 3:6], but the law of circumcision and the other sacred rites which are now abolished" (The
Spirit and the Letter 24 [A.D. 412]).
Pope Gregory I
"It has come to my ears that certain men of perverse spirit have sown among you some things that are wrong and opposed
to the holy faith, so as to forbid any work being done on the Sabbath day. What else can I call these [men] but preachers of
Antichrist, who when he comes will cause the Sabbath day as well as the Lord’s day to be kept free from all work. For
because he [the Antichrist] pretends to die and rise again, he wishes the Lord’s day to be held in reverence; and because
he compels the people to Judaize that he may bring back the outward rite of the law, and subject the perfidy of the Jews to
himself, he wishes the Sabbath to be observed. For this which is said by the prophet, ‘You shall bring in no burden through
your gates on the Sabbath day’ [Jer. 17:24] could be held to as long as it was lawful for the law to be observed according to
the letter. But after that the grace of almighty God, our Lord Jesus Christ, has appeared, the commandments of the law
which were spoken figuratively cannot be kept according to the letter. For if anyone says that this about the Sabbath is to
be kept, he must needs say that carnal sacrifices are to be offered. He must say too that the commandment about the
circumcision of the body is still to be retained. But let him hear the apostle Paul saying in opposition to him: ‘If you be
circumcised, Christ will profit you nothing’ [Gal. 5:2]" (Letters 13:1 [A.D. 597]).